Effects of Surface Modification of Upconversion Nanoparticles on Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity

doi:10.1007/s40242-016-6026-5

Chemical Research in Chinese Universities ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 474-479.doi: 10.1007/s40242-016-6026-5

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Effects of Surface Modification of Upconversion Nanoparticles on Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity

GU Ye¹, QIAO Xin², ZHANG Jian¹, SUN Yingying³, TAO Youmao⁴, QIAO Shixing¹

1. Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China;
2. Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing100020, P. R.China;
3. Department of Stomatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China;
4. Department of General Surgery, the Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China

Received:2016-01-22 Revised:2016-03-11 Online:2016-06-01 Published:2016-04-05
Contact: QIAO Shixing E-mail:shixingqiaojdey@sina.com
Supported by:
Supported by the Project of the Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, China(No.2013C029-1).

Abstract

Abstract:

Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs) are great promising to apply to biomedical imaging and therapy. We prepared NaYF₄:Yb³⁺,Er³⁺ nanoparticles with different surface ligands, i.e., without any ligands(bare), coordinated with 2-aminoethyl dihydrogen phosphate(AEP), polyacrylic acid(PAA) or polyallylamine (PAAm), via a simple two-step ligand exchange of oleic acid capped NaYF₄:Yb³⁺,Er³⁺ nanoparticles. Although the surface modification retained the crystal structure and transimission electron microscope(TEM) size distribution of the nanoparticles, and good dispersibility in aqueous solution and did not significantly change the upconversion luminescence, distinct differences were observed in the surface charge and hydrodynamic diameter. The cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles were studied on two different cell lines, breast cancer MCF-7 and fibroblast 3T3. Confocal microscopy images demonstrate that PAAm-coordinated UCNPs can enhance the cellular uptake and endocytosis, whereas AEP- and PAA-coordinated UCNPs show a very low level of nonspecific adsorption. Biocompatibility studies based on 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay, however, indicate that PAAm-coordinated UCNPs are more toxic than the other two, and thus need further modifiaction(like PEG coordinating) to improve their biocompatibility. These results are important to the knowledge base required for the biomedical application of the UCNPs.

Key words: Upconversion, Cytotoxicity, Surface modification

GU Ye, QIAO Xin, ZHANG Jian, SUN Yingying, TAO Youmao, QIAO Shixing. Effects of Surface Modification of Upconversion Nanoparticles on Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity[J]. Chemical Research in Chinese Universities, 2016, 32(3): 474-479.

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Effects of Surface Modification of Upconversion Nanoparticles on Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity

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