Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanotube Spheres for High-performance K-O2 Batteries

doi:10.1007/s40242-021-0423-0

高等学校化学研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 254-258.doi: 10.1007/s40242-021-0423-0

Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanotube Spheres for High-performance K-O₂ Batteries

DOU Yaying^1,2, ZHANG Yantao³, GUO Feng⁴, SHEN Yanbin⁵, CHEN Gang², WEI Yingjin², XIE Zhaojun¹, ZHOU Zhen¹

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center(ReCast), Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China;
2. Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries, Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China;
3. College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China;
4. Zhejiang Chint Electrics Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201614, P. R. China;
5. i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China

收稿日期:2020-12-14 出版日期:2021-04-01 发布日期:2021-01-19
通讯作者: WEI Yingjin, XIE Zhaojun, ZHOU Zhen E-mail:yjwei@jlu.edu.cn;zjxie@nankai.edu.cn;zhouzhen@nankai.edu.cn
基金资助:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51972140).

Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanotube Spheres for High-performance K-O₂ Batteries

DOU Yaying^1,2, ZHANG Yantao³, GUO Feng⁴, SHEN Yanbin⁵, CHEN Gang², WEI Yingjin², XIE Zhaojun¹, ZHOU Zhen¹

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center(ReCast), Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China;
2. Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries, Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China;
3. College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China;
4. Zhejiang Chint Electrics Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201614, P. R. China;
5. i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China

Received:2020-12-14 Online:2021-04-01 Published:2021-01-19
Contact: WEI Yingjin, XIE Zhaojun, ZHOU Zhen E-mail:yjwei@jlu.edu.cn;zjxie@nankai.edu.cn;zhouzhen@nankai.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51972140).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： In view of the ever-growing pressure for green gas emission reduction, there is an urgent need for renewable energy systems. Rechargeable alkali metal-oxygen batteries, especially lithium-oxygen(Li-O₂) batteries, are deemed the most promising energy storage systems because of their higher theoretical energy density than that of current lithium-ion batteries^[1—5]. However, their practical application is seriously hindered by the active oxygen intermediates(O₂^-, LiO₂, and ¹O₂) and the insulating Li₂O₂ product^[6,7]. The former is destructive to carbon materials, and the latter is dependent on electrocatalysts or redox mediators^[8—10]. Therefore, although carbon-based materials have many unique properties, such as high electronic conductivity, light mass and low cost, they are not practical air cathodes for Li-O₂ batteries. Instead of forming peroxide species, potassium-oxygen(K-O₂) and sodium-oxygen(Na-O₂) batteries enable a single-electron redox process of M⁺+O₂+ e^-←→MO₂(M=K or Na). This provides an elegant strategy to enhance the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction(OER) kinetics, thereby greatly decreasing overpotential and improving round-trip efficiency(>90%) even without any electro-catalyst^[11—15]. Obviously, it paves an exciting avenue to use carbon materials in metal-O₂ batteries, which can significantly reduce the cost and further increase the energy density of batteries. Besides, the replacement of Li with abundant Na and K also makes large-scale implementation more feasible^[16]. Unlike Na-O₂ batteries, where the discharge products(NaO₂, Na₂O₂, Na₂O₂·H₂O, or mixtures) vary significantly with the operating conditions, KO₂ with higher stability(ΔG_r of KO₂: -239.4 kJ/mol) has been identified as the sole discharge product in K-O₂ batteries^[15,17]. A recent review has systema-tically summarized the characteristics and advantages of K-O₂batteries^[18], and emphasized that K-O₂ batteries are the only system that does not produce ¹O₂, which reduces the parasitic reactions related to electrolyte/electrode decomposition. Therefore, K-O₂ batteries offer unique advantages in the family of superoxide-based metal-O₂ batteries.

关键词: Potassium-oxygen battery, Potassium superoxide, Carbon nanotube

Abstract: In view of the ever-growing pressure for green gas emission reduction, there is an urgent need for renewable energy systems. Rechargeable alkali metal-oxygen batteries, especially lithium-oxygen(Li-O₂) batteries, are deemed the most promising energy storage systems because of their higher theoretical energy density than that of current lithium-ion batteries^[1—5]. However, their practical application is seriously hindered by the active oxygen intermediates(O₂^-, LiO₂, and ¹O₂) and the insulating Li₂O₂ product^[6,7]. The former is destructive to carbon materials, and the latter is dependent on electrocatalysts or redox mediators^[8—10]. Therefore, although carbon-based materials have many unique properties, such as high electronic conductivity, light mass and low cost, they are not practical air cathodes for Li-O₂ batteries. Instead of forming peroxide species, potassium-oxygen(K-O₂) and sodium-oxygen(Na-O₂) batteries enable a single-electron redox process of M⁺+O₂+ e^-←→MO₂(M=K or Na). This provides an elegant strategy to enhance the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction(OER) kinetics, thereby greatly decreasing overpotential and improving round-trip efficiency(>90%) even without any electro-catalyst^[11—15]. Obviously, it paves an exciting avenue to use carbon materials in metal-O₂ batteries, which can significantly reduce the cost and further increase the energy density of batteries. Besides, the replacement of Li with abundant Na and K also makes large-scale implementation more feasible^[16]. Unlike Na-O₂ batteries, where the discharge products(NaO₂, Na₂O₂, Na₂O₂·H₂O, or mixtures) vary significantly with the operating conditions, KO₂ with higher stability(ΔG_r of KO₂: -239.4 kJ/mol) has been identified as the sole discharge product in K-O₂ batteries^[15,17]. A recent review has systema-tically summarized the characteristics and advantages of K-O₂batteries^[18], and emphasized that K-O₂ batteries are the only system that does not produce ¹O₂, which reduces the parasitic reactions related to electrolyte/electrode decomposition. Therefore, K-O₂ batteries offer unique advantages in the family of superoxide-based metal-O₂ batteries.

Key words: Potassium-oxygen battery, Potassium superoxide, Carbon nanotube

DOU Yaying, ZHANG Yantao, GUO Feng, SHEN Yanbin, CHEN Gang, WEI Yingjin, XIE Zhaojun, ZHOU Zhen. Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanotube Spheres for High-performance K-O₂ Batteries[J]. 高等学校化学研究, 2021, 37(2): 254-258.

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Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanotube Spheres for High-performance K-O₂ Batteries

Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanotube Spheres for High-performance K-O₂ Batteries

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